There's a Play on the Flag

There's a Play on the Flag

Hey NFL, take those yellow pieces of cloth away from the people dressed in vertical black and white stripes. Fire some of those “make a difference” types littering your industry. There are some things in this world with regard to which the word different simply means worse. Please move away from society’s current understanding of the word progress: “get your hands on something that works and break it.” (make a difference) It is obvious to me you know that well enough to be in denial about it. Remember the XFL!

Reporting vs. Journalism

Reporting vs. Journalism

What ever happened to reporting? When I was a child, there were certain teachers who would teach the children who, what, when, where, why and how. Somewhere around the 3^rd or 4^th grade I had it down. Who, what, when, where, why, how. At that age, I was required to write about facts using facts. How hard can it be? Is it too easy? Who, what, when, where, why, how.

          One paragraph! A single paragraph! Just one paragraph! Ask who, what, when, where, why, how. Get answers to these simple questions. Then write about whatever the topic is using the facts you just obtained. One paragraph? Yes, a single paragraph is all it takes to describe the reporter’s job.

          It is too easy. It doesn’t require much. 1) ask who, what, when, where, why, how; 2) report in writing.

          Now that we know about reporting, how does it differ from journalism? What is a journal? When I was in high school, a journal was a notebook wherein I wrote my impressions of what had gone on, my desires about what I would like to happen and my desires as to what I do not want to happen. It was a place for me to write my impressions and opinions. In college, a journal was still what a journal was in high school. In grad school, a journal was the same thing it was in high school and college. Interestingly, in college and grad school, I got graded on my journal (my opinions). I was not a journalism student.

          Here we see the first glaring difference between reporting and journalism. Reporting requires one to ask who, what, when, why, how and then write about those facts. Journalism is all about the writer and requires no facts.

          Secondly, there are the endings attached to each word: reportING and journalISM. The ending ing indicates something is being accomplished in accordance with a set process. The ending ism indicates a belief system or ideology as in Maoism or Stalinism. This indicates the desire for certain and specific outcomes based on nothing but personal opinion or top-down narrative.

          Thirdly, reporting is neutral in its process. Journalism sets out with a certain outcome in mind. Reporting offers information, journalism fits information in to the daily jigsaw narrative.

          All this explains why great journalists need college degrees and why the best reporting can be found in 3^rd grade classrooms. Apparently, journalism schools exist to indoctrinate people into the correct set of opinions (the politically correct ones) and the need to journal only that which the narrative of the day requires. It cannot be an ism without the underlying, daily narrative creating/servicing and unbending belief system dedicated to an Ideology.

Lie, Spin or Narrative? Yes! Ideology

I Believe Everything I Read,

After I Write It

Someone cares what I have to say. Disagreeing with me indicates the same degree of care as agreeing with me. Lack of care elicits no response. It is disinterested. It neither agrees nor disagrees.

I like to make noises. Whether pronounced audibly or the clicking of keys, noise is noise. I create plenty of noise. At first, I thought no one wanted to hear me because my noise is crazy. I do not want to hear crazy people either. With that, it makes sense no one wants to hear me. Then, I began to think no one wanted to hear me because I make sense. Was this when I lost my mind? Or, when I discovered it? If no one cares to hear what I have to say, it does not matter what I say. Crazy or cogent, no matter.

The opinions of people who do not care to hear what I have to say define my craziness. Conversely, those who happen to want to hear (there must be some because with every new enemy one gains the enemy’s enemies as friends and with every new friend one gains new enemies of one’s own.), determine my cogency.

Are the opinions of others to define the meaning of my noise? For others, yes. There is no other way. For me, it does not have to. Only I know my meanings. Everyone gets to choose the noises they make. All others get to choose to not react or react to noises. Just as I am one of all the others who has the same decision to make regarding the noises of all others. Depending on the outcome of that decision, nothing happens or a reaction is born.

Opinions when voiced or acted upon become, both philosophical and psychological projections; philosophically, as participation in an external reality, psychologically as the modification of an external reality to fit one’s self-concept, experience and motivations. What others know of me is no more or less than others know of themselves. I am as many people as there are others with an opinion of me. Yet, I am singular. I am your Other. You are mine.

There is not much to go wrong with philosophical projection. It is the simple acceptance of an external world and one’s ability to effect it and its ability to effect one in return. Psychological projection, a product of self-concept, experience and motivations, casts an infinity of significations upon the self-same reality. The number of significations outpaces the number of people assigning them. Self-concept, experience, motivations and time are not static. Emotions come and go; the projections of others influence, coerce, manipulate etc. us every waking moment from birth to death. No conscious human being makes it from beginning to end without variations in self-concept and experience.

 One cannot live beyond one’s experience. One can speak beyond it and think beyond it. Both represent fictions; the former is commonly known as untruth (the reason someone might exaggerate and generalize the negative to state, “words are lies” (this is a psychological projection of its author’s inability to speak truth become an effort to deny truth and destroy it for others in order to save the author from facing the impotence born of bad conscience. The author has a bad conscience; therefore, everyone has a bad conscience; therefore, all words are lies.  The author’s reality has been distorted by self-concept, experience and motivations in such a way that, in his mind, everyone must suffer their reality through the same delusion/distortion. His.)), the latter imagination.

Neither truth nor untruth is found in words themselves, but in their context’s loyalty to reality. A more accurate use of words would be, “all words intended to disguise reality or distract from it are lies”.  But that statement is too honest, too neutral. It does not support any Ideology (Unless honesty and neutrality are an Ideology, which we will soon see they cannot be.) In the 1990s and early 2000s this ‘all words are lies’ attitude was represented by the word ‘spin’. More recently, the word ‘narrative’ has become the standard. Both being smoke screens. They obscure the lie and have the added consequence/benefit of also obscuring the truth.

 A lie told enough becomes the truth. That is the lie. That which happens in reality, happens, regardless of one’s ignorance of it or lies told about it. A lie is a lie regardless of who knows it to be and who does not.  When a car hits a tree, a specific, real car hits a specific, real tree in a specific way at a specific time. All things that happen in reality happen in this way. The fact that someone cannot accept reality or wants things to be other than they are does not change the facts. It simply reveals that person to be neurotic, mentally lazy, agenda driven, Ideological or some combination thereof depending on motivation, mood and/or circumstance.

‘All words are lies’, ‘spin’ and ‘narrative’ are synonymous. They fall in to the same category. A dark and sinister category. A category the Ideologists cannot do without but will not mention by name except when psychologically projecting it upon any thoughts, no matter how cogent, of any person or group whom they oppose or opposes them. The advantage liars have over the lied to is the liar knows the lie to be a lie (This advantaged is lost when the liars begin to believe their own lies.).

 To protect the lie, it is necessary to change the words from time to time. In the 1990s, when the word ‘spin’ replaced the word lie, few people noticed; however, within a decade it had become commonly accepted for what it was: lie. Needing a replacement for the word spin, the word narrative appeared. Mysteriously, overnight, everything became a narrative. The message went out and the language changed. Soon, a new word will appear, but the intent will remain the same. The intention in all these words is to disguise the truth. The category these words fall under and exist to distract us from while at the same time doing its business is: propaganda; willful, organized and promulgated lie(s) told with the intention of replacing reality with a belief in a distorted and corrupted place-holder for truth.

               This process produces a din which attempts to drown out reality, distracts from truth and promulgates untruth in its own service. This is the realm of the Ideologist. Would it be fair to say, ‘all ideologies are lies’? Absolutely. There are no ideologies without the propaganda necessary to perpetrate and perpetuate them. Words can exist without lies. Lies cannot exist without words. Words themselves are not the issue. The intent in the arrangement (or derangement (I realize this is not a parallel.  It is, however, more to the point)) and use (or abuse) of words to create ‘narratives‘, propaganda, is the issue.

Phenomenologist's/Existentialist's Dictionary of Terms

FYI: I have been working on this from time to time over the past years. It is a work in progress and may never be finished. I am posting it for those few among us interested in Phenomenology and/or Existentialism. The idea behind this work is to provide a compendium of the terms involved. Many of which are compounds built by combining other words (as is the case with German nouns in the minds of German thinkers). In other cases new words are born. Much of Phenomenology and Existentialism, although they were a return to the thing itself, are nearly impossible to understand due to the terminology involved and that the same terms can have different meanings depending upon who is writing them. This project began as a quick reference for myself to use after extended periods of not reading Pheno/Exist writings. It seemed I spent too much time reacquainting myself with terms and definitions to get to the actual meaning of the ideas being presented. This piece concentrates on the works of Husserl, Heidegger and Sartre; as they are the most prolific word maker-uppers in this area. As time moves on, I assume I will be adding to and editing this work until death do us part. With that in mind...take this for what it is; an attempt to make the esoteric exoteric. Remember, this is neither complete nor authoritative. Citations are given and can be used to quickly reference specific ideas in the original texts. Any information found without a citation is my editorializing or my attempt at adding additional clarification my studies have revealed to me. Although, I cannot remember where I learned it...so take that too for what it is worth. Grammatical and punctuation errors also exist. As this is an outline, you will find it in your heart to let it slide. If I ever finish this, I will pay more attention to the details than the ideas. None of my offences should be so egregious as to destroy meaning. Thank you and enjoy. Ya...you! The other person on this planet with an interest in wading through the terminological morass that is Phenomenology/Existentialism.  --Shak

The Phenomenologist's/Existentialist’s Dictionary of Terms/Concordance Outline

Abstractum: A non-self-sufficient essence. (Husserl, Ideas I, p.29) [examples of] …spatial shape, visual quality. (Husserl, Ideas I, p.30)

Adumbrated: To offer a shadowy view of something. To foreshadow vaguely. To suggest, disclose or outline partially. Overshadow, obscure.

Advertence: attention, consciousness

Alienating:  When Dasein, tranquillized, and 'understanding' everything, thus compares itself with everything, it drifts along towards an alienation in which its ownmost potentiality-for-Being is hidden from it (Heidegger, BT, H178(p.222)).

Alimentary:  pertaining to food

Ambiguity:  When...we encounter the sort of thing which is accessible to everyone, and about which anyone can say anything, it soon becomes impossible to decide what is disclosed in a genuine understanding, and what is not (Heidegger, BT, H173(p.217)).  ...presents Dasein's possibilities so that they will already be stifled in their power (Heidegger, BT, H173(p.218)).  ...ensure[s] that what is genuinely and newly created is out of date as soon as it emerges before the public (Heidegger, BT, H174(p.218)). ...hides nothing from Dasein's understanding, but only in order that Being-in-the-world should be suppressed in this uprooted "everywhere and nowhere" (Heidegger, BT, H177(p.221)).ed. groundless interpretations (Idle talk) dissolving in an ocean of distraction (Curiosity).

Apodictic:  incontestable because demonstrable

Apodictic consciousness: The consciousness of a[n] [eidetic] necessity […] as a particularization of an eidetic universality (Husserl, Ideas I, p. 14)

Apodictic consequence: The judgement or proposition asserted through apodictic consciousness (Husserl, Ideas I, p. 14)

Apophantic:  ...a specific type of declaratory statement that can determine the truth or falsity of a logical proposition or phenomenon (en.wikipedia.org).  ...letting an entity be seen from itself (Heidegger, BT, H154(p.196)).  Setting down the subject, setting down the predicate, and setting down the two together... (Heidegger, BT, H155(p.197)).

a posteriori:  "from the latter" (Latin) reasoning or knowledge proceeding from observation or experience to the deduction of probable causes.

a priori:  "from the earlier" (Latin) reason or knowledge proceeding from theoretical deduction rather than from observation or experience. theoretical

As, the:  ...what it is for (purpose) ...makes up the structure of the explicitness of something that is understood (Heidegger, BT, H149(p.189)).

            Existential-hermeneutical 'as':  The primordial 'as' of an interpretation which      understands circumspectively... (Heidegger, BT, H159(p.201)).

            Apophantical 'as':  The 'as' of assertion (Heidegger, BT, H159(p.201)).

Assertion:  a pointing-out which gives something a definite character and which communicates (Heidegger, BT, H156(p.199)) Arise[s] from circumspective interpretation (Heidegger, BT, H157(p.200)) ... ...three significations...encompass the full structure of assertion

            pointing out:  The primary signification of "assertion" [...] has in view the entity   itself and not...a mere representation of it (Heidegger, BT, H154(p.196)).

            predication:  Within ...pointing out, the elements which are Articulated in predication--the subject and predicate--arise [...] In 'setting down the subject', we dim entities down to focus in [on them], so that by thus dimming them down we may let that which is manifest be seen in its own definite character as a character that can be determined (Heidegger, BT, H155(p.197)).

            communication:  ...letting someone see with us what we have pointed out by way of giving it a definite character [...] ...can be passed along in 'further retelling'  (Heidegger, BT, H155(p.197)).

Assignment: see Reference

Being-in-the-world:  ...a non-thematic circumspective absorption in references or assignments constitutive for the readiness-to-hand of a totality of equipment (Heidegger, BT, H76(p.107)). ...basic state of Dasein by which every mode of its Being gets co-determined (Heidegger, BT, H117(p.153)).

Being-present-at-hand:

Being-with: an existential characteristic of Dasein even when factically no Other is present-at-hand or perceived (Heidegger, BT, H120(p.156)). syn. Dasein-with: those entities towards which Dasein as Being-with comports itself...are themselves Dasein (Heidegger, BT, H122(p.157)).

            -one-another:  Dasein's Dasein-with and the Other's Dasein-with with one                                    another. interpretation 12.31.15

Being, inauthentic (modes of):  everyday being-among-one-another, distantiality, averageness, leveling down, publicness, the disburdening of one's Being and accommodation (Heidegger, BT, H128(p.166)).

Care:  ...the primordial Being of Dasein (Heidegger, BT, H131(p.169)).

Centripetal:  proceeding or directed toward the center.  ant. centrifugal

Cogitatio: …a mental process of consciousness. […] the full concrete mental awareness of (something). (Husserl, Ideas I, p.69).

Cogitatum: the thing itself, its extension… something perceived. (Husserl, Ideas I, p.69)

Communication:  Discourse which expresses itself (Heidegger, BT, H168(p.211)).  Its tendency of Being is aimed at bringing the hearer to participate in disclosed Being-towards what is talked about in the discourse (Heidegger, BT, H168(p.211-212)).

Conatus:  an effort or striving. Spinoza's drive to self-preservation.

conation: striving

Concern:  an ontological term for an existentiale, and will designate the Being of a possible way of Being-in-the-world (Heidegger, BT, H57(p.8)). Dasein's Being towards the world (Heidegger, BT, H57(p.84)). syn. Care, Solicitude (when referencing the Other)

Concretum: An absolutely self-sufficient essence. (Husserl, Ideas I, p.29) Examples of…real thing, visual phantom (sensuously filled appearing visual shape), mental process and the like. (Husserl, Ideas I, p.30)

Consciousness:

1.      Intentional/Positional/Thetic/For-itself

                  A.  Consciousness is always of or about something.

                                    B.  The positing of objects distinct from consciousness itself.

2.      Non-intentional/Non-positional/Non-thetic/In-itself

                                    A.  Consciousness which consciousness has of itself.

                                    B.  To be conscious of objects, consciousness must be aware of                                                 itself as not being the objects.

3.      Reflective

                        A.  Self 'by me'

                                    1)  Identify 'problems'

                                    2)  Conceive theoretical solutions

                                    3)  Adapt solutions for new problems (Sartre, Emotions, p.                                            53)

4.      Unreflective

                        A.  World

                                    1)  Perception

                                    2)  Action (Sartre, Emotions, p. 53)

Perceive > Identify > Conceive > Act > Adapt

                                                a.  Action as spontaneous unreflective                                                                       consciousness constitutes a certain existential level                                                  in the world [...] in order to act it is not necessary to                                                     be conscious of the self as acting (Sartre, Emotions,                                                         p. 56 - 57).

Perceive > Act

                        B.  Not 'unconscious' (as psychoanalysis would have it), but                                    conscious of itself non-thetically (Sartre, Emotions, p. 57)

                 

                  5.  Emotional consciousness

                                    A.  Consciousness of the world (z.b. fear of...something)

                                                1)  Unreflective

                                                2)  Non-positional (Sartre, Emotions, p. 51)

B.  Emotion returns to the object (z.b. the something feared) [...]and is fed there.

                  6.  Three types of consciousness (Sartre, PI, p. 10)

                                    A.  Perception - observe - synthetic unity of a multiplicity of                                               appearances

                                    B.  Conception - think - knowledge which is conscious of itself and                                    places itself at once at the center of the object (Sartre, PI, p. 10).

                                    C.  Imagination -

Conspicuousness (mode of): Presents the ready-to-hand equipment as in a certain un-readiness-to-hand (Heidegger, BT, H74(p.103-104 and foot note 1 pg.104))

Present-to-hand but unable to be used. Not ready-to-hand.

Covered-up-ness:  Counter concept of 'phenomenon' (Heidegger, BT, H36(p.60))

Circumspection:  a kind of awareness in which one looks around before one decides just what one ought to do next (Heidegger, BT, H69(p.98)).

Curiosity:  ...concerns itself with seeing, not in order to understand what is seen but just in order to see (Heidegger, BT, H172(p.216)).  In this kind of seeing, that which is an issue for care...lies...in its possibilities of abandoning itself to the world [...] ...seeks restlessness and the excitement of continual novelty and changing encounters [...] ...concerned with the constant possibility of distraction (Heidegger, BT, H172(p.216)).  discloses everything and anything, yet in such a way that Being-in is everywhere and nowhere (Heidegger, BT, H177(p.221)).

            Constitution, of:  not tarrying in the environment with which one concerns oneself

            Distraction by new possibilities

            Never dwelling anywhere:  In being everywhere and nowhere, curiosity is delivered to idle talk (Heidegger, BT, H1173(p.217)).

Dasein:  In its very Being, that Being is an issue for it (Heidegger, BT, H12(p.32)).  ...it is existentially that which, in its potentiality-for-Being, it is not yet (Heidegger, BT, H145(p.185-186)).

            inauthenticity, of:  ...a... distinctive kind of Being-in-the-world... which is                        completely fascinated by the 'world' and by the Dasein-with of Others in the "they" (Heidegger, BT, H176(p.220)).

de tróp:  fr.  too much, too many in the way, not wanted, superfluous, excessive

Disclosedness, Being of:  States of mind, understanding and discourse (Heidegger, BT, H180(p.224)).

Discourse:  The equiprimordial characterization of state-of-mind and understanding (Heidegger, BT, H133(p.172)).  The existential-ontological foundation of language... [...] ...existentially equiprimordial with state-of-mind and understanding (Heidegger, BT, H161(p.203)).  ...the way in which we articulate 'significantly' the intelligibility of Being-in-the-world (Heidegger, BT, H161(p.204)).  ...Being-with...'explicitly' shared [...] Being-in and its state-of-mind...made known...(Heidegger, BT, H162(p.205)).

            Constitution, of:

            What is talked about

            What is said-in-the-talk

            Communication

            Making known

Distantiality:  A Being-with-one-another having the character of [...] constant care as to the way one (Dasein) differs from them (the Other Daseins) (Heidegger, BT, H126(p.163-164))

Doxa:  gr.  belief (Husserl)

Eidetic:  εíδω - knowledge, perceive, see mentally, experience, become acquainted with,                                    appear or seem (Greek Lexicon)

            Cognition of essences (Husserl)

Eidetic necessity:  Any eidetic particularization and singularization of an eidetically universal predicatively formed affair-complex (Husserl, Ideas I, p. 14)

Eidetic singularity: divided into abstract and concrete. (Husserl, Ideas I, p.30)

Eidetic research: single facts…disappear from…theoretical regard (Husserl, Ideas I, p.68).

Eidetic universality:  Universal judgements with regard to essences. All straight lines are straight lines; all triangles are triangles independent of particular qualities. i.e. lengths, arrangement of angles etc…

Emotion:

1.      An abrupt drop of consciousness into the magical (Sartre, Emotions, p. 90).

2.      One way consciousness understands its 'being-in-the-world' (Sartre, Emotions, p. 91)

3.      Refers to what it signifies.

4.      A transformation of the world.

5.      A phenomenon of belief.

6.      The demeanor of a body in a certain state.

7.      Undergone.

8.      An organized form of human existence (Sartre, Emotions, p. 18).

9.      A certain way of apprehending the world (Sartre, Emotions, p. 52)

10.   In every emotion a host of affective pretensions are directed toward the future to set it up in an emotional light (Sartre, Emotions, p. 81).

ens creatum: (Latin) from nothing comes created being

Entangling:  The alienation of falling--at once tempting and tranquillizing--leads by its own movement, to Dasein's getting entangled in itself (Heidegger, BT, H180(p.224)).

Epoche: …completely abstaining from any judgement regarding the doctrinal content of any previous philosophy and effecting all of our demonstrations within the limits set by this abstention. (Husserl, Ideas I, p.34)  …a certain refraining from judgement which is compatible with the unshaken conviction of truth, even with the unshakable conviction of evident truth (Husserl, Ideas I, p.59-60)

Equipment:  Entities encountered in 'concern' (Heidegger, BT, H68(p.96)) The ready-to-hand (Heidegger, BT, H76(p.107))

Essence of the image:  the absolute certainty of the content of reflection (Sartre, PI, p. 3).

Evanescent:  vanishing, passing away, fleeting

ex nihilo: (Latin) from nothing

Exigence: (rhetoric) A call to speak. needing to be said. requiring comment. (French) requirement.

Existential positing:  posits being (Husserl)

Existentiality: The state of Being that is constitutive for those entities that exist (Heidegger, BT, H13(p.33))

Extension, empirical: the restriction to a sphere of factual being by virtue of a combined positing of factual being annulling the pure universality. (Husserl, Ideas I, p. 27)

Facticity:  The factuality of Dasein's existence as a fact...implies that an entity 'within-the-world' has Being-in-the-world in such a way that it can understand itself as bound up in its 'destiny' with the Being of those entities which it encounters within its own world (Heidegger, BT, H56(p. 82)).

Falling:  ...a movement which is existentially its own (Heidegger, BT, H134(p.172)).  Signif[ies] that Dasein is proximally and for the most part alongside the 'world' of its concern [...]  "Fallenness" into the 'world' means an absorption in Being-with-one-another, in so far as the latter is guided by idle talk, curiosity, and ambiguity (Heidegger, BT, H175(p.220)).  An existential mode of Being-in-the-world (Heidegger, BT, H176(p.221)).  ...reveals an essential ontological structure of Dasein itself (Heidegger, BT, H1179(p.224)).

            Nature of:  idle talk, curiosity, and ambiguity--Dasein's everyday kind of Being    (Heidegger, BT, H180(p.224)).

            Movement of, (essential characteristics):  temptation, tranquilizing, alienation,     and entanglement (Heidegger, BT, H180(p.224)).

For-Itself:  human consciousness (Sartre)

For-the-sake-of-which:  Dasein exist[ing] as itself (Heidegger, BT, H146(p.186)).

Fore-structure:  ...the essential foundation of something interpreted as something (Heidegger, BT, H150(p.191)). circumspective interpretation

            Fore-having: ...something we have in advance [...] ...interpretation operates in      Being towards a totality of involvements which is already understood

            Fore-sight: ...something we see in advance [...] ...'takes the first cut' out of what    has been taken into our fore-having, and it does so with a view to a definite way            in which this can be interpreted

            Fore-conception: ...something we grasp in advance [...] Anything understood       which is held in our fore-having and towards which we set our sights      'foresightedly', becomes conceptualizable through the interpretation (Heidegger,       BT, H150(p.191)). Previously understood concepts have a role in future             interpretations (intuited interpretation)

Heterogeneity:  different in kind

Historicality: The state of Being that is constitutive for Dasein's 'historizing' (Heidegger, BT, H20(p.41))

Hodology: Greek hodo. Path. psych: paths in life. philo: study of interconnected ideas.

Homogeneity:  of same kind or nature

Hyletic: Hyle = stuff, objects (Husserl)

Hypostasized:  to assume the reality of an idea, proposition, etc.

Hysteresis:  the reactions of a system to change as dependent upon its past reactions to change

Idle talk: ...signifies a positive phenomenon which constitutes the kind of Being of everyday Dasein's understanding and interpreting (Heidegger, BT, H168(p.211)). ...the possibility of understanding everything without previously making the thing one's own (Heidegger, BT, H169(p.213)).  ...that something has been said groundlessly, and then gets passed along in further retelling, amounts to perverting the act of disclosing into an act of closing off. [...] ...is a closing off, since to go back to the ground of what is talked about is something which it leaves undone. [...] ...discourages any new inquiry and any disputation, and in a peculiar way suppresses them and holds them back (Heidegger, BT, H169(p.213)).  ...is the kind of Being which belongs to Dasein's understanding when that understanding has been uprooted [...] ...this uprooting is...Dasein's most everyday and most stubborn 'Reality' (Heidegger, BT, H170(p.214)). ...discloses to Dasein a Being towards its world, towards Others, and towards itself--a Being in which these are understood, but in a mode of groundless floating (Heidegger, BT, H177(p.221)).

Illusion of Immanence: (Sartre) The confusion of the image of imaginative consciousness with the object of consciousness. (Sartre, PotI, p.8) The belief that the image is in consciousness and that the object of the image is in the image. (Sartre, PotI, p. 4-5) Image: a production of the imaginative consciousness, i.e. the image or idea of chair. Object: External phenomenon, i.e. an actual chair. The confusion of mental images with external objects.

Image: ...is describable only [through a reflective act during] which attention is taken away from the object and directed to the manner in which the object is given (Sartre, PI, p. 3). Created by and subsequently available to reflective consciousness. Also see Essence of the image. ...inherently like the material object it represents (Sartre, PI, p. 6).

In-Itself:  the world of things (Sartre)

Incantation: Symbolically approximate behavior (Sartre, Emotions, p. 69). Possesses the object by magic (symbolically). (Sartre, Emotions, p. 70).

Individuum: A This-here (Tode ti), the material essence of which is a concretum. (Husserl, Ideas I, p.29). …is the primal object required by pure logic…to which all logical variants refer. (Husserl, Ideas I, p.30)

Infima: largest of lowest elements of a set (Husserl). Infimae species a.k.a. eidetic singularities (Husserl, Ideas I, p. 23)

Interpretation:  ...development of the understanding [...] In interpretation, understanding...becomes itself (Heidegger, BT, H148(p.188)).  ...the working-out of possibilities projected in understanding. [...] ...circumspection's discovery (Heidegger, BT, H148(p.189)).  ...is grounded in something we see in advance--in a fore-sight...with a view to a definite way...this can be interpreted [...] (Heidegger, BT, H150(p.191))

Intuition: The ability to understand something immediately, without the need for conscious reasoning

Knowing:  (Heidegger, BT, H62(p.90))

Lacked, the:  a totality broken by "the lacking" and restored by the synthesis of "the lacking" and "the existing" (Sartre)

Lacking, the:  that which is missing (Sartre)

Lacuna:  a gap in an otherwise rational argument

Meaning:  When entities within-the-world are discovered along with the Being of Dasein (Heidegger, BT, H1151(p.192)).  ...that wherein the intelligibility of something maintains itself [...] That which can be Articulated in a disclosure by which we understand [...] ...the "upon-which" of a projection in terms of which something becomes intelligible as something; it gets its structure from a fore-having, a fore-sight, and a fore-conception [...] ...conceived as the formal-existential framework of the disclosedness which belongs to understanding [...] ...an existentiale of Dasein (only Dasein can be meaningful or meaningless) [...]  (Heidegger, BT, H151(p.193)).

            unmeaning:  ontologico-existentially...all entities whose kind of Being is of a       character other than Dasein's [...] only that which is unmeaning can be absurd     (Heidegger, BT, H152(p.193)).

Method:  ...produce images, reflect upon them, describe them... (Sartre, PI, p. 4)

Monad:  unextended, indivisible, basic ultimate constituent of the universe and microcosm of it

Mutatis mutandis: Latin: Things having been changed that have to be changed. With the respective differences having been considered.  (Merriam-Webster)

Négatités: (Sartre) negativities, nonentities, absences, negative realities. Origin "...an infinite number of realities which are not only objects of judgment, but which are experienced, opposed, feared, etc., by the human being and which in their inner structure are inhabited by negation, as by a necessary condition of their existence" (Sartre, BnN, pg. 55).

Noema:  Pure experiential content. What is given to consciousness. The content of consciousness.  The perceived as perceived.

Noematical correlative:  Objective sense...the object (post reduction). Object as object. The object of consciousness. "Dimming one's light" > Gloom. Withdrawal > Refuge.

Noesis: νóοσ - mind, sense, exercise of reason.  The eidetic presupposition of the idea of the norm (Husserl).

Noetic:  An act of consciousness.... judging, remembering etc. The act of consciousness.

Noetic correlative:  Imagination (neomatic correlate) - the imaginary (noetic correlate).

Note on the correlation:  The correlatives are opposite sides of the same coin. Noematic correlative is the content of a consciousness. Noetic correlative is the act of consciousness. Both are necessary. Consciousness must be consciousness of something. Noema is the thing. Noetic is the act.

Obstinacy (mode of):  Obstacle to the achievement of some purpose which must be attended to or disposed of before finishing what we want to do. (Heidegger, BT, H74(p.103-104 and foot note 1 pg.104)) present-to-hand not ready-to-hand

Obtrusiveness (mode of):  not there to be used. Un-ready-to-hand. That which is ready-to-hand becomes obtrusive, obnoxious (Heidegger, BT, H74(p.103-104 and foot note 1 pg.104)) Just present-to-hand and no more

Ontical inquiry: Primarily concerned with entities and the facts about them (Heidegger, BT, H11(p.31))

Ontological inquiry: Primarily concerned with Being (Heidegger, BT, H11(p.31)).

Other, the: Existentially: These entities are neither present-at-hand nor ready-to-hand...they are there too and there with [...] Those from whom...one does not distinguish oneself -- those among whom one is too (Heidegger, BT, H118(p.154)).

            Environmentally: they are what they do [...] there is constant care as to the way one differs from them [...] 'The Others'... "the they" ... prescribes the kind of Being of everydayness (Heidegger, BT, H126(p.163-164)). Dasein not my own.

            Note: the separation of the Other into existential and environmental modes is a function of Distantiality.

Phenomena of Belief:  physiological phenomena represent the seriousness of the emotion (Sartre, Emotions, p. 74). Emotion is a phenomenon of belief (Sartre, Emotions, p. 75).

Phenomenal:  That which is given and explicable in the way the phenomenon is encountered (Heidegger, BT, H37(p.61))

Phenomenological residuum: That which remains of consciousness after phenomenological reduction and constitutes the subject matter of phenomenology. (Husserl, Ideas I, p.65-66).  …the sphere of pure consciousness… (including pure Ego) …  (Husserl, Ideas I, p.65).

Phenomenology: 'To the things themselves' (Heidegger, BT, H28(p.50)). To let that which shows itself in the very way in which it shows itself from itself (Heidegger, BT, H34(p.58))

Phenomenon: That which shows itself in itself (Heidegger, BT, H29(p.51))

Positional act:  being positing (Husserl)

Praxis:  practice informed by theory

Present-to-hand (Being):  existentia

Projection: An existential structure of understanding (Heidegger, BT, H145(p.184-185)).  ...in throwing, throws before itself the possibility as possibility, and lets it be as such (Heidegger, BT, H145(p.185)).  ...Being is understood, though not ontologically conceived (Heidegger, BT, H147(p.187))

Proto-doxic:  belief certainty as primal belief (Husserl)

Pullulation:  to send forth buds, breed rapidly, exist abundantly

Ready-to-hand: The kind of Being which equipment possesses--in which it manifests itself in its own right. (Heidegger, BT, H-69 (pg. 98)) is the way in which entities as they are 'in themselves' are defined ontologico-categorically (Heidegger, BT, H71(p.101)). Equipment (Heidegger, BT, H76(p.107)).  ...is discovered...in its serviceability, its usability, and its detrimentality (Heidegger, BT, H144(p.184)).  ...always understood in terms of a totality of involvements [...] ...is the essential foundation for everyday circumspective interpretation (Heidegger, BT, H150(p.191)).  Objects.

Reference (aka assignment):  ...that by which readiness-to-hand itself is constituted (Heidegger, BT, H83(p.114))

Region: [Where] concrete empirical objectivity finds its place within a highest material genus of empirical objects.  (Husserl, Ideas I, p. 18)  …total highest generic unity belonging to a concretum. (Husserl, Ideas I, p.31)

Remanence: magnetic flux remaining in a magnetic circuit after an applied magneto motive force has been removed

Renascent perception:  being reborn, springing again into being

Repletion:  fullness or over fullness

Scissiparity:  reproduction by fission

Sight:  ...corresponds to the "clearedness" which...character[izes] the disclosedness of the "there" [...] ...a universal term for characterizing any access to entities or to Being, as access in general (Heidegger, BT, H146(p.187))

Sign:   1) causes one to envision something and limits one to envisioning something. This something is disparate (Sartre, PI, p.31).  Does not deliver its object.  Empty intention.  Non-intentional.  Sign + affirmation = judgement.  Habitual. (Sartre)

            2)  An item of equipment which explicitly raises a totality of equipment into our    circumspection so that together with it the worldly character of the ready-to-hand  announces itself (Heidegger, BT, H80(p.110))

            3)  ...something ontically ready-to-hand, which functions both as this definite equipment and as something indicative of the ontological structure of readiness-to-hand, of referential totalities, and of worldhood (Heidegger, BT H83(p.114))

            4)  Signs always indicate primarily 'wherein' one lives, where one's concern dwells, what sort of involvement there is with something (Heidegger, BT, H80(p.111))

Signification:

1. The passage to emotion.
2. "...every state of consciousness is the equivalent of something other than itself" (Sartre, Emotions, p.43). This equivalence is the state's signification.
3. meaning
4. One thing psychoanalysis may have gotten right.

State-of-mind:  ontically: mood, Being attuned (Heidegger, BT, H134(p.172)).  ontologically: ...a fundamental existentiale phenomenon [...] 'how one is'...brings Being to [one's] "there" (Heidegger, BT, H134(p.173)).  existential-ontologically:  ...cognitive determining has its Constitution in the state-of-mind of Being-in-the-world (Heidegger, BT, H138(p.177))

            First essential characteristic: ...[States-of-mind] disclose Dasein in its thrownness,                         and ... in the manner of an evasive turning-away (Heidegger, BT,                                              H136(p.175)).

            Second essential characteristic:  ...[States-of-mind] disclose the equiprimordality                           of the world, Dasein-with, and existence essential to Being-in-the-world                                 (Heidegger, BT, H137(p.176)).

            Third essential characteristic:  Dasein's openness to the world is constituted                                   existentially by the attunement of a state-of-mind. [...] The fact that                                    thing[s] matter ... is grounded in one's state-of-mind (Heidegger, BT, H137(p.176)).  ...a state-of-mind implies a disclosive submission to the world, out of which we can encounter something that matters to us (Heidegger, BT, H137(p.177)).

Syncretism:  union of differing or opposing principles

Syntax:  The way words are put together.

Surreptitiously:  obtained, done, made ... by stealth, secret, unauthorized

            subreption

Temporal Interpretation of Being: 

Tempting:  ...if Dasein itself, in idle talk and in the way things have been publicly interpreted, presents to itself the possibility of losing itself in the "they" and falling into groundlessness, this tells us that Dasein prepares for itself a constant temptation towards falling (Heidegger, BT, H177(p.221)).

There, the:  The entity which is essentially constituted by Being-in-the-world. [...] the Being which is an issue for this entity in its very Being is to be its 'there' (Heidegger, BT, H132(p.171)).  ...a kind of Being which we Interpret as falling (Heidegger, BT, H134(p.172)).  ...receives its Constitution through understanding and through the character of understanding as projection (Heidegger, BT, H145(p.186)).

Thetic:  positive and arbitrary, dogmatic

They, the: Environmentally: The Other. Existential characteristics: Distantiality, averageness and leveling-down (Heidegger, BT, H127(p.165)). These three existentiales of the 'they' constitute publicness.  ...the "nobody" to whom every Dasein has already surrendered itself in Being-among-one-another [...] the 'Realest subject' of everydayness (Heidegger, BT, H128(p.166)).  ...prescribes one's state-of-mind, and determines what and how one 'sees' (Heidegger, BT, H170(p.213)).

Tode ti: grk, thisness. (Aristotle). This here! (Husserl, Ideas I, p.28)

Tranquilizing:  The supposition of the "they" that one is leading and sustaining a full and genuine 'life'... (Heidegger, BT, H177(p.222)).

Transcendental consciousness: pure consciousness (Husserl, Ideas I, p.66)

Transcendental Epoche: …the operation by which transcendental consciousness is reached… (Husserl, Ideas I, p.66)
Transcendental reduction[s]: phenomenological reduction from an epistemological point of view. (Husserl, Ideas I, p.66)

Transparency:  The sight which is related...to existence [...] 'knowledge of the Self' (Heidegger, BT, H146(p.186)).  ...seizing upon the full disclosedness of Being-in-the-world throughout all the constitutive items which are essential to it, and doing so with understanding (Heidegger, BT, H146(p.187)).

Turbulence:  ...understanding...constantly torn away from authenticity and into the "they" [...] ...the character of the movement of falling (Heidegger, BT, H178(p.223)).

Ubiquity:  being everywhere at the same time, omnipresent

Understanding:  ...the existential Being of Dasein's own potentiality-for-Being; and it is so in such a way that this Being discloses in itself what its Being is capable of (Heidegger, BT, H144(p.184)).  As projecting, understanding is the kind of Being of Dasein in which it is its possibilities as possibilities (Heidegger, BT, H145(p.185)).  ...Dasein project[ing] its Being upon possibilities (Heidegger, BT, H146(p.187))

            Authentic:  arising out of one's own Self (Heidegger, BT, H146(p.186)).

                        Genuine:

                        Not genuine:

            Inauthentic:  arising not solely out of one's own Self (intuited paraphrase)

                        Genuine:

                        Not genuine:

Understanding, Circle of, the:  p.194-195

            Problem:  Any interpretation which is to contribute understanding, must already                have understood what is to be interpreted (Heidegger, BT, H152(p.194)). logic: circulus vitiosus

            Solution:  ...is the expression of the existential fore-structure of Dasein itself [...]   ...the ontological presuppositions of historiological knowledge transcend in   principle the idea of rigour held in the most exact sciences (Heidegger, BT, H65(p.93)). The narrower the view the higher the rigour?

Validity, as primal phenomenon, argument against:  Three significations of 'being valid'

            The way of the Being of the ideal:  ...the 'form' of actuality which goes with the content of the judgment, in so far as that content remains unchanged as opposed   to the changeable 'psychical' process of judgment (Heidegger, BT, H156(p.198)).  ed. Content (form of actuality) is considered unchangeable though the process it goes through (judgment) can change.

            Objectivity: ..."validity" means at the same time the validity of the meaning of the judgment, which is valid of the 'Object' it has in view; and thus, it attains the signification of an 'Objectively valid character'...  ed. does not differentiate between the meaning of a judgment about an object and the object the judgment is about.

            Bindingness:  ...the meaning which is thus 'valid' of an entity, and which is valid   'timelessly' in itself, is said to be 'valid' also in the sense of being valid for everyone who judges rationally (Heidegger, BT, H156(p.198)).  ed. The basis for the tyranny of common sense?

Veri: Latin. Truth, reality, fact

Worldly:  Being which belongs to Dasein (never of a kind which belongs to entities present-at-hand 'in' the world) (Heidegger, BT, H65(p.93))

nonce solicitude